مجلة العلوم القانونية و السياسية
Volume 17, Numéro 2, Pages 86-107
2026-09-28
Transformations Of Turkey’s African Policy In Sub-saharan Africa: From Humanitarian Diplomacy To Security Partnerships
Authors : Bouhidel Radouane .
Abstract
Since the beginning of the third millennium, Turkey’s African policy has undergone a qualitative shift from a humanitarian and developmental approach to a comprehensive, multi-instrument strategy combining both soft and hard power. Ankara has relied on humanitarian aid, educational and cultural diplomacy, and economic investments to foster trust and build partnerships, alongside the development of security and military cooperation, including the establishment of bases and the signing of defense agreements, particularly in the Horn of Africa. These transformations reflect economic, geopolitical, and ideological drivers. The integration of these instruments has contributed to the expansion of Turkey’s regional influence, despite ongoing challenges related to international competition, security considerations, and criticisms regarding the instrumentalization of aid.
Keywords
Turkey ; Sub-Saharan Africa ; humanitarian diplomacy; security partnerships; soft power
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