مجلة السراج في التربية وقضايا المجتمع
Volume 10, Numéro 3, Pages 108-127
2026-09-30
العنف الثوري ومشروعيته في فكر فرانز فانون من خلال تجربته مع الثورة الجزائرية
الكاتب : بروال جمال .
الملخص
ملخص : لقد عني رجال الفكر عموما والفلاسفة على وجه الخصوص بالبحث والدراسة لظاهرة العنف، وبالأخص في المرحلة المعاصرة أو دراسات ما بعد الكولونيالية، والتي عرفت قيام الحروب، ووجود الظاهرة الاستعمارية، حيث تعددت وتنوعت المفاهيم والرؤى والأطروحات المقدمة لها، حيث جاءت في اغلبها، تعتبر العنف ظاهرة غير مشروعة، وأنه يحمل الصورة السلبية في كثير من الأذهان، بيد أن البعض من رجال الفكر، له رؤية مغايرة، إذ يعتبر العنف الثوري عمل مشروع، وأنه أداة ودافع وسبيل للتغيير والتحرر، فالتغيير لا يكون إلا بالعنف المطلق، كما يقول فرانز فانون. فهو يدعو الى الكفاح المسلح والثورة ضد النظام المتسلط لبناء الحضارة وتحقيق مجتمع حر جديد قائم على قيم إنسانية، من العدل والإخاء والمساواة في الحقوق، تلك التي أقرتها التنظيمات العالمية والمواثيق الدولية لمبادئ حقوق الإنسان. ان هذا المقال، جاء لغرض الإجابة عن التساؤلات التالية: كيف يشكل العنف الثوري أداة للتحرر في فكر وفلسفة فرانز فانون عموما والثورة الجزائرية على وجه الخصوص؟ ما هي منطلقاته المرجعية؟ وفيما تتمثل رؤيته؟ وما هي إسهاماته في مقولة فلسفة العنف والواقع المعاصر؟ Abstract : Enter Men of thought in general and philosophers in particular have been concerned with researching and studying the phenomenon of violence, especially in the contemporary stage or post-colonial studies, which witnessed the outbreak of wars and the existence of the colonial phenomenon, where the concepts, visions and theses presented for it were numerous and varied. In most of them, violence is considered an illegal phenomenon, and it carries a negative image in many minds. However, some intellectuals have a different vision, as they consider revolutionary violence a legitimate act, and that it is a tool, motivation, and path to change and liberation. Change can only occur through absolute violence, as Frantz Fanon says. It calls for armed struggle and revolution against the authoritarian regime to build civilization and achieve a new free society based on human values, such as justice, brotherhood, and equal rights, which are approved by global organizations and international charters of human rights principles. This article was intended to answer the following questions: How does revolutionary violence constitute a tool for liberation in the thought and philosophy of Frantz Fanon in general and the Algerian revolution in particular? What are its starting points? What is his vision? What are his contributions to the philosophy of violence and contemporary reality? Abstract : Enter Men of thought in general and philosophers in particular have been concerned with researching and studying the phenomenon of violence, especially in the contemporary stage or post-colonial studies, which witnessed the outbreak of wars and the existence of the colonial phenomenon, where the concepts, visions and theses presented for it were numerous and varied. In most of them, violence is considered an illegal phenomenon, and it carries a negative image in many minds. However, some intellectuals have a different vision, as they consider revolutionary violence a legitimate act, and that it is a tool, motivation, and path to change and liberation. Change can only occur through absolute violence, as Frantz Fanon says. It calls for armed struggle and revolution against the authoritarian regime to build civilization and achieve a new free society based on human values, such as justice, brotherhood, and equal rights, which are approved by global organizations and international charters of human rights principles. This article was intended to answer the following questions: How does revolutionary violence constitute a tool for liberation in the thought and philosophy of Frantz Fanon in general and the Algerian revolution in particular? What are its starting points? What is his vision? What are his contributions to the philosophy of violence and contemporary reality?
الكلمات المفتاحية
الكلمات المفتاحية: العنف التحرري، فرانز فانون، الثورة الجزائرية، المشروعية. ; Keywords: liberation violence, Frantz Fanon, the Algerian revolution, legitimacy
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