مجلة الونشريس للدراسات التاريخية
Volume 6, Numéro 2, Pages 69-104
2026-06-10
Algerian National Activism During World War I And Its Impact On The Development Of The National Movement After 1918
Authors : Fkair Abdelkader .
Abstract
The World War I marked a pivotal phase in modern Algerian history. It was not merely a global conflict among major powers but a transformative event that deeply affected colonies, including Algeria under French rule since 1830. During the war, France intensified human and economic exploitation through forced conscription, taxation, and strict security control, increasing tensions between colonial authorities and the local population. This study addresses a central question: to what extent did wartime conditions and international transformations contribute to the activation of Algerian resistance and the emergence of political consciousness that paved the way for the national movement after 1918? International events fostered hope for change, such as the Arab Revolt of 1916, the principle of self-determination, and the influence of the Bolshevik Revolution with its anti-imperialist ideas. Germany and the Ottoman Empire also launched propaganda campaigns targeting Muslim populations in colonies. Domestically, resistance appeared through armed uprisings in the Aurès and Hoggar (1916), guerrilla actions, and symbolic cultural resistance, especially popular poetry. After 1918, Algerians shifted toward organized political struggle, driven by wartime participation and reform promises, leading to diverse political trends advocating equality, reform, or independence.
Keywords
World War I ; Algerian resistance ; political struggle ; Algerian national movement ; political currents
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