REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE
Volume 10, Numéro 2, Pages 16-19
2026-01-05

Vasculitis With Antibody To The Glomerular Basement Membrane: About 25 Cases

Authors : Oulakrouz Siham . Laib Mohamed Hafededdine . Yagoub Sarah . Lalaoui Silia . Azoug Rayene . Saidani Messaoud . Allam Ines . Hadjout Tamazouzt . Djidjik Reda . Benali Anissa . Baha Abdelkrim . Kaci Louisa .

Abstract

Abstarct: Introduction: anti-MBG vasculitis is a rare autoimmune disease of small vessels, characterized by autoantibodies targeting the glomerular and alveolar basement membrane, thus defining renal-pulmonary syndrome. Materials and Methods: We conducted a descriptive, retrospective and monocentric study of anti-MBG vasculitis with renal involvement, diagnosed, treated and followed in nephrology at the CHU Béni-Messous between 2015 and 2025. Demographic, clinical-biological, histological, therapeutic and evolutionary data were collected from medical records. Results: We retrospectively studied 25 patients with anti-MBG vasculitis over 10 years, with a sex ratio of 1 and a mean age of 55.2 years (16-100 years). Twenty-two percent were masons. Forty percent had a history of High Blood Pressure. Half consulted for general signs (asthenia and deterioration of the general condition), and 3 for macroscopic hematuria. Typical pulmonary involvement (alveolar hemorrhage) was present in 40% of patients. At the time of diagnosis, 90% of patients had severe renal failure requiring dialysis. Anti-MBG antibodies were positive in 77.3% of cases, associated with anti-MPO ANCA positivity in 27.3% of cases; 22.7% were negative and diagnosed by renal biopsy. A histological analysis, performed in 77% of patients, revealed extracapillary circumferential necrosis increasing the lesions. Fifty percent of the patients were already at a terminal stage. From a therapeutic point of view, all received corticosteroids (bolus then oral relay), 22/25 cyclophosphamide and 10 plasmapheresis. Three patients died of intra-alveolar hemorrhage before the start of immunosuppressive therapy. The renal prognosis was unfavorable, with dialysis in 21 patients, chronic kidney failure in 1 patient and death in 2 patients after 1 year of progression. Conclusion: anti-MBG vasculitis is a serious, potentially fatal and functional disease. A rapid diagnosis, based on the search for anti-MBG antibodies and, if necessary, a renal biopsy (in case of negative antibodies), is crucial to initiate emergency treatment.

Keywords

Antibodies anti MBG ; anti MBG vasculitis