حوليات جامعة قالمة للعلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية
Volume 19, Numéro 1, Pages 517-540
2025-06-01

Medical Error Among Arabs: Consequences And Penalties



Authors : Rezzag Messaouda .

Abstract

Medical errors have historically posed challenges to physicians, particularly in Arab civilizations before and after Islam. This study examines how different civilizations addressed medical malpractice. The research employs a historical-analytical approach, analyzing legal and ethical responses across various eras. Findings indicate that Pharaonic Egypt exempted priests from penalties, while non-priests faced execution. Mesopotamian laws varied punishments, including amputation. Maghreb civilizations imposed no sanctions due to the sacred status of temple physicians. Pre-Islamic Arabs attributed errors to fate. Islam later established legal accountability, introducing ethical and legal consequences for medical errors.

Keywords

Medical error, execution, Hammurabi, temples, magic, superstition, healer.

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