مجلة الحكمة للدراسات الاجتماعية
Volume 14, Numéro 3, Pages 48-58
2026-08-12
School And Socialization: A Comparative Sociological Analysis Between Durkheim And Bourdieu
Authors : Taibi Houria .
Abstract
This study aims to highlight the contradiction between the manifest and latent functions of the school. It does so by analyzing two distinct perspectives on the school’s socialization role within Western capitalist society. The first perspective is represented by the French sociologist Émile Durkheim, who viewed this function as a positive mechanism through which the school ensures social stability and equilibrium, thereby securing the continuity of society. In contrast, Pierre Bourdieu exposed the negative dimension of this function, namely the reproduction of the dominant class culture, which likewise sustains society, but through the reproduction of inequalities and class domination. Accordingly, the study reveals the dual character of the school’s functions in socialization and social control, as well as its complex nature within the social system. On the one hand, the school serves as an instrument of social integration; on the other, it operates as a mechanism of marginalization and exclusion.
Keywords
Socialization ; School ; Social Integration ; Reproduction ; Durkheim ; Bourdieu
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