أطراس
Volume 7, Numéro 2, Pages 297-309
2026-07-15
Gender Disparities In Employment Opportunities Among Slum Residents In Dhaka City: A Sociological Study
Authors : Parvin Rokeya .
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to analyze the disparity between men and women in terms of job opportunities among the inhabitants of Dhaka slums in Bangladesh. The rise in the number of slums due to fast urbanization has led to increased dependency on vulnerable and low-income jobs for urban poor communities, especially women. This research intends to determine the pattern of employment and its gender-wise difference, wage disparity, working conditions, and social-cultural barriers to women's employment. A mixed-method research design was utilized, where both quantitative and qualitative approaches were combined. Primary data was gathered through a questionnaire survey among 50 respondents from Hazir Slum and Vatara (1212) in Dhaka city, while qualitative data were acquired through case studies. The results show that women tend to engage more in poorly paid jobs like domestic help and garment production, while men have wider options for different types of employment. It is also observed that women's participation in the labor force is largely constrained due to the pressures of family obligations, lack of skills, fear of harassment, and societal patriarchal practices. The research results point out that gender employment discrimination within urban slums is still dictated by social-cultural and structural disparities. The paper calls for initiatives like skills training, equal pay schemes, job safety, and institutional assistance to lower gender inequalities in employment among slum dwellers.
Keywords
Dhaka city ; Employment opportunity ; , Informal labor ; Gender disparity
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