المجلة الجزائرية للحقوق والعلوم السياسية
Volume 10, Numéro 2, Pages 1094-1110
2025-12-01
?formality In The Bill Of Exchange: Obligation Or Guarantee
Authors : Benammour Aicha .
Abstract
Writing plays a fundamental role in the existence of the bill of exchange as a commercial instrument, and this form entails a negotiable instrument obligation whose primary purpose is to facilitate the creation and circulation of the bill of exchange. However, it is noted that by adopting the requirement of formality, the legislator has effectively removed negotiable instruments law from the rules of free proof recognized in commercial law. It should be noted that the Central Bank of Algeria has introduced a standardized model for the bill of exchange, However, it has not eliminated the overarching regulations pertaining to the establishment of the bill of exchange. Consequently, the formal nature of the bill of exchange serves solely as proof of the establishment of the obligation, while simultaneously acting as a safeguard against surpassing its boundaries this is all aimed at achieving a balance between the efficiency and convenience of commercial activities and the rigor of the consequences stemming from the obligation associated with the negotiable instrument. Abstract: Writing plays a fundamental role in the existence of the bill of exchange as a commercial instrument, and this form entails a negotiable instrument obligation whose primary purpose is to facilitate the creation and circulation of the bill of exchange. However, it is noted that by adopting the requirement of formality, the legislator has effectively removed negotiable instruments law from the rules of free proof recognized in commercial law. It should be noted that the Central Bank of Algeria has introduced a standardized model for the bill of exchange, However, it has not eliminated the overarching regulations pertaining to the establishment of the bill of exchange. Consequently, the formal nature of the bill of exchange serves solely as proof of the establishment of the obligation, while simultaneously acting as a safeguard against surpassing its boundaries this is all aimed at achieving a balance between the efficiency and convenience of commercial activities and the rigor of the consequences stemming from the obligation associated with the negotiable instrument. الملخص : للكتابة دور جوهري في وجود السفتجة كسند تجاري، ويرتِّب هذا الشكل إلتزاما صرفيا، غايته الأولى هي تسهيل إنشاء السفتجة وتداولها، لذلك تعتبر ضمانة للموقعين عليها ولحاملها الشرعي، وبالتالي لا يمكن الوقوع في الخلط بينها وبين الأوراق التجارية الأخرى وما يترتَّب عليه الأمر بخصوص الخضوع لأحكام القانون الصرفي، لكن ما هو ملاحظ أن المشرع بإقّراره للشّكلية يكون قد أخرج القانون الصرفي من قواعد الإثبات الحر المتعارف عليها في القانون التجاري، مع الإشارة إلى أن البنك المركزي الجزائري قد استحدث نموذج موحَّد للسفتجة، لكنه في المقابل لم يقم بإلغاء الأحكام العامة الخاصة بإنشاء السفتجة؛ وهو عدم اشتراط شكل معين. وعليه، لا تخرج الشكلية في السفتجة عن كونِّها دليل على إنشاء الإلتزام، وفي نفس الوقت ضمانة على عدم تجاوز حدوده، وهذا كله من أجل ايجاد توازن بين سرعة الحياة التجارية وسهولتها وصرامة الآثار التي يخلفها الإلتزام الصرفي.
Keywords
Formality ; the Bill of Exchange ; Obligation ; Guarantee
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