مجلة دفاتر اقتصادية
Volume 16, Numéro 2, Pages 377-392
2025-11-25
Building Resilient Food Systems In Algeria: Climate Adaptation, Import Dependence, And Economic Diversification
Authors : Selt Mohammed Mostefa .
Abstract
This paper examines Algeria’s food security through the four classical pillars—availability, access, utilization, and stability—within the context of climate variability, chronic water scarcity, and exposure to global market shocks. Using a risk-systems approach, we synthesize evidence from FAO GIEWS country briefs (2024–2025), USDA Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) reports, IPCC AR6 climate projections for the Mediterranean, and official Algerian sources (ONS, OAIC, Algerian Energy Company). Domestic cereal production remains structurally low (≈ 4.1 Mt in 2024), leaving Algeria reliant on wheat imports (≈ 8 Mt in MY 2024/25 and over 9 Mt projected for MY 2025/26). Water availability has dropped to an estimated 260–300 m³ per person per year—well below the absolute scarcity threshold—necessitating rapid desalination expansion (≈ 3.7 Mm³/day by end-2024, ≈ 5.6 Mm³/day by 2030). The analysis highlights sectoral interventions for cereals, dairy, dates, and olives, and provides a forward-looking operational roadmap (2025–2030) emphasizing water-demand management, agro-climatic zoning, import risk hedging, and value-chain upgrading. Our findings call for governance reforms, data transparency, and integrated resource planning to strengthen long-term resilience and reduce Algeria’s dependence on volatile global markets.
Keywords
Food security ; cereal production ; wheat imports ; water scarcity ; agro-climatic zoning ; climate change adaptation ; food price inflation ; governance
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