REVUE ALGERIENNE D’ALLERGOLOGIE
Volume 11, Numéro 3, Pages 48-55
2026-10-16

Assignment Of Cd4+cd25+foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells, Mog Antibodies, Mag Antibodies And Anti-nuclear Antibodies In Autistic Children



Authors : Shousha Ghada . Youssef Azza . Elhossiny Reham . Shehab Abeer . Mohamed Hala . Mehrez Amany . Mostafa Gehan .

Abstract

Immune dysregulation may contribute to autism spectrum disorder (ASD) severity and progression. This cross-sectional study assessed the frequency of peripheral regulatory T cells (Tregs) and brain-related antibodies in 25 children with ASD and 25 healthy controls. Flow cytometry was used to measure CD4+CD25+ and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs. Serum anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies were evaluated in both groups. Children with ASD exhibited a significant reduction in CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs compared to controls. CD4+CD25+ lymphocytes below 3.15% predicted ASD with 80% sensitivity and 73.5% specificity, while CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ Tregs below 2.55% achieved 73.3% sensitivity and 76.7% specificity. ANA and anti-MAG positivity were comparable between groups. Anti-MOG antibodies were undetectable in ASD patients. These findings suggest impaired Treg function in ASD, whereas brain-directed autoantibodies appear unaltered. Treg frequency may serve as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in ASD.

Keywords

Brain antibodies ; T regulatory cells ; Autistic spectrum disorder ; Anti-MOG ; Anti-MAG ; ANA

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