Journal of Materials and Engineering Structures
Volume 12, Numéro 4, Pages 571-592
2025-12-30
Producing Sustainable Cement Mortar By Replacing Sand With Waste Bottle Glass
Authors : Hatif Obaid Ahmed . Abdulridha Lateef Hanadi . Al-yousuf Ayad . Abd Al-zahra Sajad Mustafa . Jabbar Ghanim Abbas . Jassim Athra'a Abd_alredah .
Abstract
This study investigates the possibility of using waste bottle glass to replace natural sand within cement mortar. This research promotes ecologically conscious and sustainable building methods. The experimental program of the study included several cement mortar mixes that were cast by using two main (c:s) ratios (1:2 and 1:3). Every mix kept a constant 0.5 water/cement ratio. The crushed recycled waste bottle glasses find application in various replacement ratios ranging from 5% to 100%. Important characteristics, including workability, compressive strength, tensile strength, flexural strength, and flexural modulus, are evaluated in this work. The findings show that adding 10–15% glass to 1:2 mixtures significantly increases their ductility and mechanical strength. Furthermore, under ideal circumstances, complete replacement (100%) turned out to be structurally possible. Due to excessive fines and inadequate cohesion, workability decreased in 1:3 mixes, but it increased significantly in low-glass 1:2 mixes. At last, the study results indicate that this work considers a workable solution for using waste bottle glass as a sand replacement in mortar. This method solves problems with disposing of glass and makes us less reliant on natural sand. The proposed mix designs are a good alternative for environmentally friendly material development in the construction industry. They also support the principles of the circular economy.
Keywords
waste bottle glass ; environmentally ; sustainable mortar ; sand replacement
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