Journal of Materials and Engineering Structures
Volume 12, Numéro 4, Pages 499-512
2025-12-30

Enhancing Mechanical Properties Of High Strength Concrete With Nanomaterials, Copper Slag, And Steel Fibers: Experimental Study And Predictive Modeling



Authors : Naladi Pradeep . Konda Rajasekhar . Tanimki Chandra Sekhar Rao .

Abstract

This research investigates methods to improve the performance of high-strength concrete (HSC) using advanced and sustainable materials. Nanomaterials such as Nano silica and Nano alumina were incorporated as partial replacements for cement, while copper slag was utilised to partially substitute fine aggregate. Additionally, steel fibers were added to assess their influence on the mechanical properties of HSC. The study developed three concrete mixtures: a control mix (CO) containing 30% Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) with a water-cement ratio of 0.38, a mix with varying copper slag replacements (CCS) at levels between 10% and 50%, and an optimised mix (CCSNSA) combining 2% nanomaterials with the most effective copper slag proportion. Steel fibers were introduced into all mixtures in varying amounts ranging from 0%–2% by volume. Experimental results demonstrated that including steel fibers significantly enhanced the compressive, tensile, and flexural strengths of concrete. Furthermore, predictive models were developed for the strength characteristics of all mixes, and their outputs showed a strong correlation with experimental data. This study highlights a sustainable and effective approach to enhancing the mechanical performance of HSC by integrating copper slag, nanomaterials, and steel fibers.

Keywords

Copper Slag ; Nanomaterials ; Steel fibers ; High Strength Concrete ; Empirical equations

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