مجلة الروائز
Volume 10, Numéro 1, Pages 07-17
2026-07-02
Structure Of Memory In The Context Of Neurodegenerative Diseases
Authors : Sahraoui Sara .
Abstract
This paper examines how neurodegenerative diseases affect the structure and functioning of human memory.In addition to theoretical analysis, selected clinical observations and illustrative case examples are included to demonstrate how these mechanisms manifest in real-world patient care. Drawing from current theoretical and applied research, the study highlights the distinct vulnerabilities of different memory systems—including declarative, procedural, and working memory—when confronted with conditions such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and semantic dementia. The analysis is framed by influential cognitive models, notably those of Baddeley for working memory and the serial/cascade frameworks proposed by Levelt, Caramazza, and Paradis for language processing and bilingualism. Findings show that each disease disrupts memory in unique ways: Alzheimer's primarily impairs the formation and retention of new memories; Parkinson's compromises information retrieval and cognitive flexibility; and semantic dementia erodes conceptual understanding. Notably, procedural memory often remains relatively intact in the early stages, providing an important foundation for rehabilitation strategies. The study underscores the value of linguistic markers and cognitive reserve in early detection and intervention, and calls for therapeutic approaches tailored to the specific profile of memory impairment observed in each disorder.
Keywords
Memory structure ; neurodegenerative diseases ; cognitive models ; language ; rehabilitation ; cognitive reserve
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