الحوار الثقافي
Volume 15, Numéro 1, Pages 663-684
2026-06-12
Buddhism; Religion Or Philosophy
Authors : Bouffada Houda .
Abstract
Buddhism is a spiritual tradition whose origins date back to ancient India; to understand this tradition, one must approach Buddha who was a wise and a spiritual leader who, although born into a royal family, chose to leave his life as a prince in search of an answer to human suffering. Buddha spent much of his youth seeking enlightenment, exploring various spiritual practices, meditating, and seeking wise teachers. Buddha is considered the founder of Buddhism, but unlike the founders of other religions, he claimed no divine inspiration or external strength. Instead, he attributed all of his achievements to his own efforts and human intelligence. He is known by his disciples as a wise or enlightened teacher who spreads his ideas to help sentient beings to end birth and suffering. His life stories, sermons, and monastic rules are considered a sacred law by Buddhists, which they commemorate and which disciples memorize and preserve over generations. Various collections of teachings attributed to him were transmitted by oral tradition and copied. According to Buddhist doctrine, all human beings are trapped in a continuous cycle of death, rebirth, and suffering, and the ultimate goal is to end that suffering. Moreover, with its emphasis on meditation and mindfulness, Buddhism is often seen as a philosophy rather than a religion. It is also because this faith has no holy books like many other religions. It relies on the Four Noble Truths seeking to reach Nirvana, which is a state of ultimate liberation, free of suffering and ignorance. It is often described as a state of peace, happiness, and deep consciousness. Reaching Nirvana means transcending the cycle of birth, death and rebirth.
Keywords
Buddhism ; Buddha ; Enlightenment ; Religion ; Philosophy ; History ; Civilization
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