مقاربات فلسفية
Volume 13, Numéro 1, Pages 946-972
2026-04-12
The Symbolism Of Evil In The Concept Of The "servile Will" In Paul Ricœur: From The Experience Of The Fall To The Duality Of Misery And Pain
Authors : Cherouag Ahmed .
Abstract
Abstract: This article offers a philosophical analysis of the symbolism of evil within the concept of the “servile will,” approached through a hermeneutical reading of the Adamic myth in Paul Ricœur’s thought. It argues that the myth is not merely a religious account of original sin, but rather a symbolic system reflecting the existential predicament of humanity, suspended between freedom and necessity, good and evil. The discussion examines how the possibility of evil is embedded in the very structure of human existence, through an exploration of fundamental dualities: freedom and will, finitude and infinitude, strength and weakness. It also emphasizes Ricœur’s shift in the discourse on evil from the theological question of its “origin” to the ontological question of “how” — the coexistence with evil as an essential dimension of human experience. The article further articulates a vision of a renewed ethics founded on an “ethics of fragility,” which acknowledges human weakness not as a cause for shame but as the basis of solidarity and compassion, and as a possibility to transform evil from an obstacle into a catalyst for moral creativity.
Keywords
Symbolism of evil ; servile will ; Paul Ricœur ; constitutive fragility ; fallibility
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