افاق للعلوم
Volume 11, Numéro 1, Pages 19-35
2026-01-15
Revitalizing The Archaeological Heritage Of The Central Saharian Atlas: A Gis-based Methodological Approach To Updating Stéphane Gsell’s Atlas (sheet No. 46 – Djelfa)
Authors : Jaballah Nacima . Rabehi Merouane .
Abstract
Adopting a systematic spatial analysis methodology, the research proceeded through the digitization and georeferencing of Gsell’s original plates, correcting historical projection distortions to align with modern geodetic standards. This process facil-itated the transmutation of qualitative, descriptive archival data into a dynamic, vector-based Spatial Database. By overlaying this historical dataset onto modern high-resolution Digital Elevation Models (DEM) and integrating it with recently doc-umented archaeological inventories, the study investigates the dialectic relationship between ancient settlement patterns and the landscape. The results reveal a statistically significant correlation between Protohistoric hu-man occupation and specific geomorphological characteristics. The spatial distribution analysis highlights a marked preference for altitudinal zones ranging between 1000m and 1400m, suggesting a settlement strategy driven by environmental adaptation, resource accessibility, and defensive monitoring. Furthermore, the research provides a critical comparative reading between the distribution of funerary monuments (spe-cifically Bazinas and Dolmens) recorded by Gsell and the spatial clustering of rock art stations. This multi-layered approach not only validates the historical accuracy of Gsell’s work but also enhances it, offering new insights into the cultural landscape of the Djelfa region during Protohistory.
Keywords
Geographic Information Systems (GIS) ; Digital Elevation Model (DEM); ; Funerary Architecture ; Spatial Analysis Landscape Archaeology ; Stéphane Gsell ; Djelfa Region ; Protohistoric Settlement
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