مجلة الباحث في العلوم الانسانية والاجتماعية
Volume 16, Numéro 2, Pages 484-505
2025-07-31
The Role Of The General Public In Preparing Sufi Rituals In Algeria During The Ottoman Era
Authors : Merigui Mossabe . Benkoumar Djelloul .
Abstract
This study explores the phenomenon of Sufism, aiming to transcend the narrow religious and political framework within which many researchers have traditionally confined it, and to illuminate its broader social and spiritual contributions to Algerian life. Sufism can be seen as a state within a state, offering a comprehensive method and approach to life. Sufi orders were instrumental in resolving disputes and conflicts, not only between individuals and groups but also between clans and tribes. They also played a vital social role by offering shelter to travelers and the needy. Moreover, the Zawiyas served as educational institutions, helping to preserve the Arab-Islamic identity, thereby functioning as true social, cultural, political, and religious institutions in Algeria during the Ottoman era. The involvement of the general populace in Sufism further amplified its influence, as the common people actively participated in spiritual and social practices such as the Hadra, Waada, and Zarda, along with various other Sufi rituals and events. Recognizing the importance of this phenomenon, the Ottoman authorities made concerted efforts to secure the loyalty of the Sufi orders by supporting them and assisting in the construction of Zawiyas and fortified religious buildings, known as Ribats.
Keywords
The General Public and Sufi Rituals ; Zawiyas ; Spiritual Contributions ; Ottoman Era ; Algerian Identity
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