مجلة روافد للدراسات و الأبحاث العلمية في العلوم الاجتماعية والإنسانية

Demographic Transition In Algeria: Its Characteristics And Influencing Factors

Auteurs : Benzaid Rim . Benyoub Imen .

Résumé

Abstract: This study examines the trajectory and structural dynamics of the demographic transition in Algeria from 1962 to 2020, identifying its key empirical manifestations and socio-economic determinants. Utilizing a descriptive-analytical approach coupled with longitudinal quantitative analysis, the study evaluates long-term trends across primary demographic indicators. The findings reveal a structural shift from a high-equilibrium demographic regime, characterized by elevated crude birth and mortality rates, to a low-equilibrium modern regime. Key empirical indicators show a significant contraction in the total fertility rate (declining from 7.8 births per woman in 1970 to 2.63 in 2000), a drastic reduction in infant and maternal mortality, a marked extension of life expectancy at birth (rising from 51 years in 1962 to 76.5 years in 2020), and a profound restructuring of the national age pyramid. This transition has been primarily driven by female educational expansion, rising female labor force participation, delayed age at first marriage, accelerated urbanization, and public health infrastructure improvements. To optimize these demographic shifts, the study emphasizes strategically capitalizing on the emerging "demographic dividend" through targeted public policy interventions, youth labor market integration, and sustainable social security reforms. Keywords: Demographic transition; Algeria; fertility decline; mortality rates; Age structure; Female education; Demographic dividend

Mots clés

Demographic transition; Algeria; fertility decline; mortality rates; Age structure; Female education; Demographic dividend