Religion And Social Integration In Sociological Thought: From ʿasabiyya To The Public Sphere
Auteurs : Fouchane Abdelkader .
Résumé
The sociology of religion and social integration examines the role of religion in shaping social structure through several key concepts. According to Ibn Khaldun, religious “nervousness” plays a central role in the establishment and continuity of the state, as religion contributes to strengthening social cohesion. Émile Durkheim emphasizes religion as a mechanism of integration that promotes shared values and collective solidarity among individuals, thereby supporting social stability. In contrast, Marxist analysis views religion as a reflection of class conflict and as a tool used to legitimize domination, while also recognizing its potential to raise class consciousness and intensify social struggle. Max Weber connects religion to the formation of political and economic systems, highlighting its influence on the emergence of capitalism. Alexis de Tocqueville argues that religion supports democracy by reinforcing civic values and moral order. Pierre Bourdieu considers religion as a field that reproduces social inequalities through symbolic power, whereas Jürgen Habermas views religion as a continuing moral resource within the public sphere. Finally, Talcott Parsons reinforces the relationship between religion and cultural and social integration, emphasizing its contribution to social stability.
Mots clés
religion ; social integration ; conflict ; religious field ; society
