Journal Algérien des Régions Arides
Volume 19, Numéro 2, Pages 60-86
2026-10-07

Assessment Of The Effectiveness Of Phragmites Australis Versus Typha Latifolia In Wastewater Treatment Through Horizontal And Vertical Flow Planted Filters In Arid Environment



Authors : Amiri Khaled . Bekkari Naçeur Eddine . Bouchahm Nora . Hadjoudj Moussa . Benmalek Ahmed . Kherifi Wahida .

Abstract

This study compares the wastewater purification capabilities of common reed (Phragmites australis) and cattail (Typha latifolia) in horizontal (HF-CWs) and vertical (VF-CWs) flow constructed wetlands during four months, and three days of hydraulic retention time (HRT). The analysis focused on the removal of organic matter and nutrient pollutants. Results indicated that Typha latifolia excelled in removing total suspended solids (TSS) (92%), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) (88%), ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) (69%), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) (67%), and phosphate (PO4-P) (98%) in HF-CWs. In contrast, Phragmites australis showed superior removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) (93%) and total phosphorus (TP) (86%). In VF-CWs, Phragmites australis outperformed Typha latifolia in TSS (23%), BOD5 (88%), COD (88%), TKN (94%), and TP (90%). Whereas, Typha latifolia was more efficient for only NH4-N (98%) and PO4-P (93%). Both species exhibited negative nitrate removal efficiency. Overall, both macrophytes are suitable for large-scale constructed wetlands in arid climate.

Keywords

Wastewater ; Phragmites australis ; Typha latifolia ; HF-CWs ; VF-CWs ; Physicochemical parameters

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