Journal of Materials and Engineering Structures
Volume 13, Numéro 2, Pages 285-296
2026-06-30
Numerical Modeling Of Coupled Thermo-mechanical Bending Response In Functionally Graded Material Sandwich Beams
Authors : Ferhat Soraya . Medjmadj Sara . Amichi Malha . Nekmouche Aghiles . Si Salem Abdelmadjid . Ait Taleb Souad .
Abstract
This study presents a novel comprehensive numerical investigation of the mechanical and thermo-mechanical behavior of FGM beams using Nonlinear Finite Element Analysis (NLFEA) implemented under ABAQUS. The studied beam is a rectangular-type sandwich beam with a polymer (PVC) foam core and polypropylene (PP) facings. Numerical FEM were firstly validated using experimental data from the literature and secondly extended to investigate additional loading and thermal conditions. The main objective is to assess the influence of the material gradient index (p) and the number of layers used for material discretization on stress distribution, stiffness, and ductility. Results in terms load-capacity curves and deformation patterns indicate that the gradient index strongly affects the overall beam response. While, the beam layers’ layout influences the stress redistribution along the thickness, with finer discretization producing smoother transitions. Comparing purely mechanical and thermo-mechanical loading, it is observed that thermal gradients introduce additional stresses due to differential expansion, altering the global stress field and interacting with the material gradation.
Keywords
FGM beams ; Thermo-mechanical behavior ; Finite element analyses (FEA) ; Bending response.
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