Batna Journal of Medical Sciences
Volume 13, Numéro 7, Pages 537-542
2026-07-10

Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors : A Clinicopathological Study Of 54 Cases With Contextualized Analysis



Authors : Guermi Mohamed . Moulai Nabila . Bennoui Rafika . Zammouchi Asmaa . Ouahioune Wahiba .

Abstract

Background and Objective: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) account for 1% of all digestive neoplasms and are the most common mesenchymal tumors of the gastrointestinal tract. Their unpredictable biological behavior necessitates accurate risk stratification by pathologists to guide adjuvant therapy. This study aims to evaluate the clinicopathological characteristics of GISTs in an Algerian population. Methods: A retrospective study included 54 phenotypically confirmed GISTs diagnosed between January 2022 and December 2023 at the Pathology Department of Blida University Hospital, Algeria. Immunohistochemistry confirmed CD117 and/or DOG1 positivity in all cases. Results: The series comprised 26 males and 28 females (sex ratio M/F = 0.93), with a median age of 61.5 years (range: 23–83 years), and a peak incidence between 55–74 years. Gastric localization was most frequent (51.85%, n=28), followed by small bowel (31.48%, n=17), peritoneum (7.4%, n=4), and rectum (3.7%, n=2). Mean tumor size was 9.77 cm (range: 1–30 cm), with gastric tumors averaging 9.74 cm and small bowel tumors 11.41 cm. Spindle-cell morphology predominated (72.22%, n=39), followed by mixed (16.66%, n=9) and epithelioid (11.11%, n=6). Three gastric GISTs were associated with colorectal adenocarcinoma, one small bowel GIST with endometrioid carcinoma, and one small bowel GIST occurred in a young woman with neurofibromatosis type 1. At diagnosis, 22.22% (n=12) presented with metastases (liver, lymph nodes, or pleuropulmonary). According to the modified NIH risk classification, 27.77% (n=15) of all GISTs were classified as high risk of recurrence; notably, 41.17% (7/17) of small bowel GISTs were high risk at diagnosis. Conclusion: Recent advances in targeted therapies require improved diagnostic strategies for GISTs. Prognosis depends on tumor size, mitotic index, and location.

Keywords

gastrointestinal stromal tumors ; Algeria ; risk stratification ; histology

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