Batna Journal of Medical Sciences
Volume 13, Numéro 6, Pages 507-512
2026-07-01
Effect Of A 4 Month Dietary Intervention On Anemia In Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease Stages I-iii: A Retrospective Study In 29 Algerian Patients
Authors : Khellaf Ghalia . Koceir El Hadj Ahmed . Benabadji Mohamed .
Abstract
Background. Anemia is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), even at early stages. Nutritional management may improve hemoglobin levels and reduce the need for erythropoiesis stimulating agents. We assessed the impact of a 4 month standardized dietary intervention on anemia parameters in Algerian patients with CKD stages I-III. Methods. Retrospective study including 29 patients (72% women, mean age 63±15 years) with CKD stages I-III (KDIGO) and anemia (hemoglobin <13 g/dL in men, <12 g/dL in women). Biological data (hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume, serum ferritin, transferrin saturation, creatinine, urea, uric acid, electrolytes, vitamin B12, folate) were collected before and after a 4 month dietary intervention based on a personalized brochure (protein 0.6 0.8 g/kg/day, energy 30 35 kcal/kg/day, controlled potassium/phosphorus/sodium, increased heme iron and B vitamins). Paired t tests and linear regression were used. Results. Baseline anemia was normocytic normochromic in 55% of patients. Iron deficiency (ferritin <100 ng/mL) was present in 48%, and low transferrin saturation (<20%) in 24%. Vitamin B12 deficiency was found in 34.5%. After 4 months, mean hemoglobin increased from 10.9±1.2 to 12.1±0.9 g/dL (p<0.001). Ferritin improved from 48.2±32.1 to 72.5±28.4 ng/mL (p=0.03), and transferrin saturation from 18.3±5.2% to 23.6±4.8% (p=0.02). The prevalence of microcytic anemia decreased from 24% to 10%. No significant correlation was found between creatinine clearance and hemoglobin (r=0.053, p=0.79). Conclusion. A 4 month targeted nutritional intervention significantly improved anemia parameters in early stage CKD patients, mainly by correcting iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm long term benefits.
Keywords
Chronic kiney disease ; anemia ; nutritional intervention ; Iron deficiency
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