Journal of Molecular and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Volume 4, Numéro 1, Pages 37-143
2025-06-30
Some Synthesized Products As Alternative Drugs To Overcome Microbial Resistance: An Updated Review
Authors : Belattar Nadjah . Sandeli Abd El-krim . Barhouchi Badra .
Abstract
Significant effort has gone into the development of synthetic antibiotics since it is necessary to take into account the structural derivatization of natural molecules and the synthesis of compounds that are comparable to natural products utilizing well-known natural product scaffolds. Furthermore, most of these drugs are derived from bioactive substances that have been employed in the past and are highly susceptible to mechanisms of bacterial resistance. Finding novel therapeutic agents with a variety of modes of action is crucial in light of the growing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. The three structurally and pharmacologically diverse families of alkaloids, azoles, and coumarins, each with a distinct bioactive potential, are the subject of this work. Coumarins are prized for their diverse biological activity, especially their capacity to disrupt oxidative pathways and microbial enzymatic systems. Azoles are a key component of antifungal treatment because they suppress the formation of ergosterol and exhibit both efficacy and target specificity. They are distinguished by their nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings. Through a variety of methods, including as DNA intercalation, membrane disruption, and enzyme inhibition, alkaloids, a varied class of naturally occurring nitrogen-containing compounds, display broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities. This study highlights the qualities of each family's representative compounds as viable leads or adjuncts in the development of new antimicrobial drugs by analyzing their structure-activity correlations (SAR), selectivity profiles, and resistance potential.
Keywords
Synthetic antibiotics, Bacterial resistance, Alkaloids, Azoles, Coumarins, Antimicrobial drugs
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