Journal Algérien des Régions Arides
Volume 18, Numéro 1, Pages 31-40
2025-03-05

Assessing Groundwater Depletion In The Biskra Region (algeria) Using Electrical Survey Techniques And Gis



Authors : Mebrek Naima . Noui Abderrahmane . Guesbaya Zineb . Kameli Meriem . Hadji Rabah .

Abstract

The agricultural region of Biskra, characterized by very low annual rainfall (150 to 200 mm), suffers from limited availability of renewable water resources. These unfavorable natural conditions, combined with the expansion of agricultural activities and the increase in irrigated areas, have led to significant environmental consequences, particularly affecting water resources. Urbanization, accompanied by industrial and agricultural development, has resulted in notable degradation in the quality and quantity of water. The lowering of groundwater levels in certain areas indicates overexploitation of these resources. To ensure the sustainability of this increasingly scarce resource in the face of rising demand, proper management and governance must be implemented. This study proposes solutions to address the issue of groundwater drawdown in the Biskra region. In recent years, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and geophysical prospecting methods have emerged as some of the most effective techniques for the inventory, planning, management, and development of groundwater resources. The primary goal of this research is to develop a GIS dedicated to monitoring the drawdown of groundwater in this agricultural region. These methods aim to assess the extent of drawdown, identify its causes, and locate the areas at greatest risk. Significant decreases in groundwater levels have been observed in the northern and southern parts of Biskra, with an annual reduction of approximately 5%. Over a decade, this represents an average decline of 50%, and over 44 years, the reduction reaches nearly 300%. These figures highlight the scale of groundwater over exploitation.

Keywords

Biskra ; groundwater ; overexploitation ; drawdown ; mapping

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